Rhein

Catalog	BBC478433
CAS	478-43-3
Structure
Description	Rhein is a lipophilic anthraquinone extensively found in medicinal herbs, and has many pharmacological effects, including epatoprotective, nephroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities.IC50 value:Target:In vitro: Rhein (0.1 and 1 mg/mL) evidently suppressed cell proliferation and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activation in human colon adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) but significantly lessened H2O2-induced DNA damage and the elevated MDA and ROS levels induced by H2O2/Fe2+ at the concentrations of 0.1-10 mg/mL .In vivo: Oral administration of rhein (150 mg/kg/d) evidently ameliorated renal interstitial fibrotic lesions and attenuated the expression of α-SMA and deposition of fibronectin (FN) in mice with renal interstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction. Rhein also suppressed TGF-β1 and its type I receptor expression in obstructed kidneys . The biochemical parameters results of IgAN model rats showed that rhein-prevented and rhein-treated both improved the biochemical parameters and relieved renal pathological injury. The expressions of renal tissue TLR4, TGF-β1, but not TLR9 were significantly elevated in IgAN model rats (P < 0.05). Rhein-prevented and rhein-treated both inhibited TLR4 and TGF-β1 expressions .
Synonyms	Chrysazin-3-carboxylicacid
IUPAC Name	4,5-Dihydroxy-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-carboxylic acid
Molecular Weight	284.22
Molecular Formula	C15H8O6
Canonical SMILES	C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C=C(C=C3O)C(=O)O
InChI	InChI=1S/C15H8O6/c16-9-3-1-2-7-11(9)14(19)12-8(13(7)18)4-6(15(20)21)5-10(12)17/h1-5,16-17H,(H,20,21)
InChI Key	FCDLCPWAQCPTKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point	346.72 °C
Melting Point	≥300 °C(lit.)
Purity	95%+
Density	1.3269 g/cm³
Appearance	Solid
Storage	2-8 °C
pKa	3.17±0.20(Predicted)
Refractive Index	1.4413